ricksteves.com

Checked 22 October 2026, 10:31 UTC · via 8.8.8.8
!Passed with warnings
25 passed 2 warnings 0 failed 4 info

Registration

info

.com generic · Network Solutions, LLC · expires 2031-06-09

Found

TLD
.com (generic)
ICANN policies apply
yes
Registrar
Network Solutions, LLC
Registered
10 June 1996
Last changed
10 April 2026
Expires
9 June 2031
Status
client transfer prohibited
Registry nameservers
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com, sydney.ns.cloudflare.com
RDAP server
https://rdap.verisign.com/com/v1/

Checks

  • i
    .com is a generic TLD (gTLD)
    Generic TLD under an ICANN registry agreement: ICANN-accredited registrars, UDRP and RDAP apply.
    #1
  • ✓ TLD delegated and signed #2
    .com is delegated in the root zone and DNSSEC-signed.
  • ✓ Expires on 2031-06-09 #3
    The registration is valid until 2031-06-09 (1690 days).
  • ✓ Transfer locked #4
    Registry status: client transfer prohibited.
  • ✓ Registry and delegation match #5
    The nameservers registered at the registry are the ones published in DNS.

Delegation

info

gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com, sydney.ns.cloudflare.com

Found

Parent zone
com
Delegation from
a.gtld-servers.net (192.5.6.30)
NS at the parent
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com, sydney.ns.cloudflare.com
NS in the zone
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com, sydney.ns.cloudflare.com
NameserverAddressesNetwork (AS)Glue
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com108.162.195.244 162.159.44.244 172.64.35.244 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c3f4 2606:4700:58::a29f:2cf4 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:23f4AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US108.162.195.244 162.159.44.244 172.64.35.244 2606:4700:58::a29f:2cf4 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c3f4 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:23f4
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com162.159.38.102 108.162.194.102 172.64.34.102 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2266 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c266 2606:4700:50::a29f:2666AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US108.162.194.102 162.159.38.102 172.64.34.102 2606:4700:50::a29f:2666 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c266 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2266

Checks

  • i
    2 nameservers
    Two nameservers meet the minimum; RFC 2182 recommends three or more for important zones: gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com, sydney.ns.cloudflare.com.
    #6
  • ✓ Parent and zone agree #7
    The parent delegation and the zone's NS records list the same nameservers.
  • ✓ No glue needed #8
    All nameservers are outside the zone, so no glue records are needed.
  • ✓ All names resolve #9
    Every nameserver name has an address and is not an alias.
  • ✓ Nameservers in different networks #10
    The nameservers are spread over 6 IPv4 /24s and 4 IPv6 /48s.
  • i
    All nameservers in one AS
    All nameserver addresses are announced by one network operator (AS13335 (CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US): 12 addresses). An outage or attack on that network affects all nameservers; large anycast providers mitigate this, but a secondary DNS provider adds independence.
    #11
  • i
    All nameserver names under .com
    All nameserver names are under one TLD, so a problem with that TLD also makes the nameservers unreachable. Some operators use names under two TLDs for extra resilience.
    #12
  • ✓ All reachable over IPv6 #13
    Every nameserver has an IPv6 address.

Nameservers

warn

12 of 12 addresses answer authoritatively

Found

NameserverAnswerRecursionTCP / EDNSAXFRVersion
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 108.162.195.244NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 162.159.44.244NOERROR, 32 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 172.64.35.244NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c3f4NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 2606:4700:58::a29f:2cf4NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:23f4NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 162.159.38.102NOERROR, 32 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 108.162.194.102NOERROR, 7 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 172.64.34.102NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2266NOERROR, 8 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c266NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com 2606:4700:50::a29f:2666NOERROR, 6 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2

Checks

  • ✓ All respond #14
    All 12 nameserver addresses answered.
  • ✓ All authoritative #15
    Every responding nameserver answers authoritatively for the zone.
  • ✓ No recursion #16
    The nameservers do not answer recursive queries for other domains.
  • !
    Software version disclosed
    These nameservers report their software version via version.bind/version.server, which helps attackers find known vulnerabilities: gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com: "2026.10.2"; sydney.ns.cloudflare.com: "2026.10.2". Hide or replace the version string.
    #17
  • ✓ Zone transfers refused #18
    No nameserver allows a zone transfer to the public.
  • ✓ TCP supported #19
    All nameservers answer over TCP.
  • ✓ EDNS supported #20
    All nameservers support EDNS(0).
  • ✓ Public addresses #21
    All nameserver addresses are publicly routable.

SOA

pass

serial 2417568420 · primary gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com

Found

Primary (MNAME)
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com
Contact (RNAME)
dns.cloudflare.com
Serial
2417568420
Refresh / retry
10000 s / 2400 s
Expire
604800 s
Negative TTL
1800 s

Serial per nameserver

NameserverSerial
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (108.162.195.244)2417568420
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (162.159.44.244)2417568420
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (172.64.35.244)2417568420
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (2803:f800:50::6ca2:c3f4)2417568420
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (2606:4700:58::a29f:2cf4)2417568420
gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com (2a06:98c1:50::ac40:23f4)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (162.159.38.102)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (108.162.194.102)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (172.64.34.102)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2266)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (2803:f800:50::6ca2:c266)2417568420
sydney.ns.cloudflare.com (2606:4700:50::a29f:2666)2417568420

Checks

  • ✓ Serial 2417568420 everywhere #22
    All nameservers serve the same version of the zone.
  • ✓ Timers within recommendations #23
    SOA refresh 2h46m40s, retry 40m, expire 7d, negative TTL 30m.
  • ✓ Primary is a public nameserver #24
    The primary nameserver gabriel.ns.cloudflare.com is one of the listed nameservers.
  • ✓ Contact dns@cloudflare.com #25
    The SOA RNAME dns.cloudflare.com means dns@cloudflare.com.
  • ✓ Timestamp serial #26
    The serial 2417568420 is a Unix timestamp (2046-08-11 02:47 UTC).

DNSSEC

warn

Not signed

Found

Validated by resolver
no

Checks

  • !
    Not signed
    The zone is not signed with DNSSEC, so answers can be spoofed. Enable DNSSEC at your DNS provider and publish the DS record at your registrar.
    #27

Records

pass

31 records at the apex

Found

Read from
108.162.195.244:53
TypeValueTTL
SOAgabriel.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2417568420 10000 2400 604800 18001800
NSgabriel.ns.cloudflare.com.86400
NSsydney.ns.cloudflare.com.86400
A104.20.29.76300
A172.66.158.240300
AAAA2606:4700:10::ac42:9ef0300
AAAA2606:4700:10::6814:1d4c300
MX10 us-smtp-inbound-1.mimecast.com.7200
MX10 us-smtp-inbound-2.mimecast.com.7200
TXT"MS=ms81925690"300
TXT"V+gXqgOh8KlmY1eZcZiaBrTp02sisZNwX0DQ1Vbballm0X57V1Ls2P4HWmIr2BEhn7q4Du7fby24TuJg8ZQIJg=="300
TXT"anthropic-domain-verification-h5xqeq=HYEXRmyNziejVLvsHBTR7gMIn"300
TXT"apple-domain-verification=44bh4PwJI5LaQ2Nj"300
TXT"atlassian-domain-verification=Udv3qaObeuewmRx4bFLx2I/A0HeQvaxE8oUfmaneYPwaG4LFVIYqfHlbNH/0zmtx"300
TXT"atlassian-sending-domain-verification=1f60d665-bb82-4d33-a08a-55248317960d"300
TXT"facebook-domain-verification=2buobwl4s0jp0e37o6ftn5gceufy7q"300
TXT"google-site-verification=00tphlScLrAdmLGYmvUNV394AHf7_pyQE0EPpB_96CU"300
TXT"google-site-verification=s8GOjuvAxU6pPbERKhG6ubmJPcWwYO0TDqHC0cRk-Gg"300
TXT"v=spf1 ip4:74.209.160.164 ip4:168.245.32.225 include:mailerhdz.ricksteves.com include:spf.protection.outlook.com include:em3350.ricksteves.com include:email.ricksteves.com include:us._netblocks.mimecast.com mx mx:email.ricksteves." "com -all"300
CAA0 issue "comodoca.com"300
CAA0 issue "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300
CAA0 issue "letsencrypt.org"300
CAA0 issue "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300
CAA0 issue "sectigo.com"300
CAA0 issue "ssl.com"300
CAA0 issuewild "comodoca.com"300
CAA0 issuewild "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300
CAA0 issuewild "letsencrypt.org"300
CAA0 issuewild "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300
CAA0 issuewild "sectigo.com"300
CAA0 issuewild "ssl.com"300

Checks

  • ✓ TTLs within range #32
    TTLs: A 5m, AAAA 5m, MX 2h, NS 1d. The NS TTL at the parent is 2d and in the zone 1d; resolvers may use either.
  • ✓ No CNAME at the apex #33
    The zone apex has no CNAME record.
  • ✓ No wildcard #34
    Names that don't exist return NXDOMAIN.
  • ✓ CAA restricts issuance #35
    Certificates may be issued by: comodoca.com, digicert.com, letsencrypt.org, pki.goog, sectigo.com, ssl.com.