substack.com

Checked 22 October 2026, 10:52 UTC · via 8.8.8.8
!Passed with warnings
23 passed 2 warnings 0 failed 6 info

Registration

info

.com generic · Amazon Registrar, Inc. · expires 2030-04-27

Found

TLD
.com (generic)
ICANN policies apply
yes
Registrar
Amazon Registrar, Inc.
Registered
27 April 2010
Last changed
16 May 2026
Expires
27 April 2030
Status
client transfer prohibited
Registry nameservers
ali.ns.cloudflare.com, lee.ns.cloudflare.com
RDAP server
https://rdap.verisign.com/com/v1/

Checks

  • i
    .com is a generic TLD (gTLD)
    Generic TLD under an ICANN registry agreement: ICANN-accredited registrars, UDRP and RDAP apply.
    #1
  • ✓ TLD delegated and signed #2
    .com is delegated in the root zone and DNSSEC-signed.
  • ✓ Expires on 2030-04-27 #3
    The registration is valid until 2030-04-27 (1283 days).
  • ✓ Transfer locked #4
    Registry status: client transfer prohibited.
  • ✓ Registry and delegation match #5
    The nameservers registered at the registry are the ones published in DNS.

Delegation

info

ali.ns.cloudflare.com, lee.ns.cloudflare.com

Found

Parent zone
com
Delegation from
a.gtld-servers.net (192.5.6.30)
NS at the parent
ali.ns.cloudflare.com, lee.ns.cloudflare.com
NS in the zone
ali.ns.cloudflare.com, lee.ns.cloudflare.com
NameserverAddressesNetwork (AS)Glue
ali.ns.cloudflare.com172.64.32.59 108.162.192.59 173.245.58.59 2606:4700:50::adf5:3a3b 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:203b 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c03bAS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US108.162.192.59 172.64.32.59 173.245.58.59 2606:4700:50::adf5:3a3b 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c03b 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:203b
lee.ns.cloudflare.com172.64.33.129 108.162.193.129 173.245.59.129 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c181 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2181 2606:4700:58::adf5:3b81AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US AS13335 CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US108.162.193.129 172.64.33.129 173.245.59.129 2606:4700:58::adf5:3b81 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c181 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2181

Checks

  • i
    2 nameservers
    Two nameservers meet the minimum; RFC 2182 recommends three or more for important zones: ali.ns.cloudflare.com, lee.ns.cloudflare.com.
    #6
  • ✓ Parent and zone agree #7
    The parent delegation and the zone's NS records list the same nameservers.
  • ✓ No glue needed #8
    All nameservers are outside the zone, so no glue records are needed.
  • ✓ All names resolve #9
    Every nameserver name has an address and is not an alias.
  • ✓ Nameservers in different networks #10
    The nameservers are spread over 6 IPv4 /24s and 4 IPv6 /48s.
  • i
    All nameservers in one AS
    All nameserver addresses are announced by one network operator (AS13335 (CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc., US): 12 addresses). An outage or attack on that network affects all nameservers; large anycast providers mitigate this, but a secondary DNS provider adds independence.
    #11
  • i
    All nameserver names under .com
    All nameserver names are under one TLD, so a problem with that TLD also makes the nameservers unreachable. Some operators use names under two TLDs for extra resilience.
    #12
  • ✓ All reachable over IPv6 #13
    Every nameserver has an IPv6 address.

Nameservers

warn

12 of 12 addresses answer authoritatively

Found

NameserverAnswerRecursionTCP / EDNSAXFRVersion
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 172.64.32.59NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 108.162.192.59NOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 173.245.58.59NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 2606:4700:50::adf5:3a3bNOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:203bNOERROR, 6 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
ali.ns.cloudflare.com 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c03bNOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 172.64.33.129NOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 108.162.193.129NOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 173.245.59.129NOERROR, 4 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c181NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2181NOERROR, 5 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2
lee.ns.cloudflare.com 2606:4700:58::adf5:3b81NOERROR, 7 ms, authoritativenoyes / yesrefused2026.10.2

Checks

  • ✓ All respond #14
    All 12 nameserver addresses answered.
  • ✓ All authoritative #15
    Every responding nameserver answers authoritatively for the zone.
  • ✓ No recursion #16
    The nameservers do not answer recursive queries for other domains.
  • !
    Software version disclosed
    These nameservers report their software version via version.bind/version.server, which helps attackers find known vulnerabilities: ali.ns.cloudflare.com: "2026.10.2"; lee.ns.cloudflare.com: "2026.10.2". Hide or replace the version string.
    #17
  • ✓ Zone transfers refused #18
    No nameserver allows a zone transfer to the public.
  • ✓ TCP supported #19
    All nameservers answer over TCP.
  • ✓ EDNS supported #20
    All nameservers support EDNS(0).
  • ✓ Public addresses #21
    All nameserver addresses are publicly routable.

SOA

pass

serial 2415781352 · primary ali.ns.cloudflare.com

Found

Primary (MNAME)
ali.ns.cloudflare.com
Contact (RNAME)
dns.cloudflare.com
Serial
2415781352
Refresh / retry
10000 s / 2400 s
Expire
604800 s
Negative TTL
1800 s

Serial per nameserver

NameserverSerial
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (172.64.32.59)2415781352
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (108.162.192.59)2415781352
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (173.245.58.59)2415781352
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (2606:4700:50::adf5:3a3b)2415781352
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (2a06:98c1:50::ac40:203b)2415781352
ali.ns.cloudflare.com (2803:f800:50::6ca2:c03b)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (172.64.33.129)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (108.162.193.129)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (173.245.59.129)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (2803:f800:50::6ca2:c181)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (2a06:98c1:50::ac40:2181)2415781352
lee.ns.cloudflare.com (2606:4700:58::adf5:3b81)2415781352

Checks

  • ✓ Serial 2415781352 everywhere #22
    All nameservers serve the same version of the zone.
  • ✓ Timers within recommendations #23
    SOA refresh 2h46m40s, retry 40m, expire 7d, negative TTL 30m.
  • ✓ Primary is a public nameserver #24
    The primary nameserver ali.ns.cloudflare.com is one of the listed nameservers.
  • ✓ Contact dns@cloudflare.com #25
    The SOA RNAME dns.cloudflare.com means dns@cloudflare.com.
  • ✓ Timestamp serial #26
    The serial 2415781352 is a Unix timestamp (2046-07-21 10:22 UTC).

DNSSEC

warn

Not signed

Found

Validated by resolver
no

Checks

  • !
    Not signed
    The zone is not signed with DNSSEC, so answers can be spoofed. Enable DNSSEC at your DNS provider and publish the DS record at your registrar.
    #27

Records

info

18 records at the apex

Found

Read from
172.64.32.59:53
TypeValueTTL
SOAali.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2415781352 10000 2400 604800 18001800
NSali.ns.cloudflare.com.86400
NSlee.ns.cloudflare.com.86400
A172.64.150.56300
A104.18.37.200300
AAAA2606:4700:4404::6812:25c8300
AAAA2606:4700:4401::ac40:9638300
MX10 mxa.mailgun.org.300
MX10 mxb.mailgun.org.300
TXT"facebook-domain-verification=8vbxp2ntmkudc6is3h5r840c9fwo7f"300
TXT"google-site-verification=4V_X38Yf0J4VJcWFwtG38bOS1nkOWeIWJhticlMgNQE"300
TXT"google-site-verification=DAkdykID6WqQM6tT7IfSu9_uB7-qIdB039MA_C3T3eA"300
TXT"google-site-verification=FfNIQIxsRHpj3Y7E_d3N6GFqGgWDZ-sfYojqCilwtqE"300
TXT"google-site-verification=SXEl7_p4SBszcanSWwVc_3-RFky80c0-94janbeeWI4"300
TXT"google-site-verification=vQEKLOUDfKNOQAv9W3EUMiRD6e5ibAEPhc2yCzP7big"300
TXT"tiktok-developers-site-verification=7PgqCAJ52ILLOqf2KELd8uaRfJpuzaLQ"300
TXT"tiktok-developers-site-verification=A9XRSo8lWy5CPFJ0bqI04KCpUZGAAq7p"300
TXT"v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:mailgun.org include:mail.zendesk.com ~all"300

Checks

  • ✓ TTLs within range #32
    TTLs: A 5m, AAAA 5m, MX 5m, NS 1d. The NS TTL at the parent is 2d and in the zone 1d; resolvers may use either.
  • ✓ No CNAME at the apex #33
    The zone apex has no CNAME record.
  • i
    Wildcard record
    A random name under the zone resolves, so there is a wildcard (*) record. Typos and non-existent hosts resolve too, which can confuse mail and certificate checks.
    #34
  • i
    No CAA records
    Without CAA records any certificate authority may issue certificates for this domain. A CAA record limits issuance to the CAs you use.
    #35